Sebuah Kajian Pustaka:

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Vol. 19, No. 3, September 2020, pp. 828~836

ISSN: 2502-4752, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i3.pp828-836  828

Journal homepage: http://ijeecs.iaescore.com

Implementation of an efficient web-based movie ticket

purchasing system in the context of Bangladesh

Gazi Zahirul Islam, Isrut Jahan Zinnia, Md. Fokhray Hossain, Md. Riazur Rahman,

Aman Ullah Juman, Al Nahian Bin Emran

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh

Article Info

ABSTRACT

Article history:

Received Nov 19, 2019

Revised Mar 9, 2020

Accepted Mar 26, 2020

The „Movie Ticket Purchase System‟ is a web-based application. In this

application, people can purchase movie tickets from all movie theatres in

Bangladesh. Before purchasing a ticket, people have to do registration or

for front-end. All steps of the software development life cycle are addressed

properly to develop and implement the software. This website has three

panels: one for the Admin, one for the Theatre Assistant and another for the

Customer/User. Admin can insert the theatres, and Theatre Assistant handled

maximum manual works on the website like movie add, delete, stop running,

screen adds, etc. This is the first website in Bangladesh where people can

purchase tickets from multiple movie halls and the site is only dedicated to

this purpose. The website is very user-friendly and attractive that can give

comfort to the end users. Also, the theater owners that have no digital

platform for selling tickets can be a member of our service and get the

opportunity of using digital platform.

Keywords:

CSS

Database

HTML

Java script

Module

Movie

PHP

Corresponding Author:

Gazi Zahirul Islam,

Department of Computer Science and Engineering,

Daffodil International University,

Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Email: zahir.cse@daffodilvarsity.edu.bd

1. INTRODUCTION

Now a days it is very common that peoples of all age groups are enjoying the cinema at the theater.

It is our culture going to the theater for enjoying cinema along with the whole family. People want to spend

their vacation, off-days, leisure time with their family friends and beloved persons by enjoying the cinema at

the theater. No matter what ages they are. Not only the young generation people like to enjoy movies but also

the people ages beyond 30 like to watch movies in the theaters. Our country is developing faster. People get

engaged with their works more than before. But people also spend their leisure time watching movies in

theater. As people get busy with their works, they do not want to waste their valuable time to purchase movie

ticket standing in a line. But people in Bangladesh have no easy and flexible access for online ticket

purchases so far. That‟s why we get the idea to implement a web-based movie ticket purchasing system.

This is a dynamic website where people can find their desired movie list, which theater broadcasts which

movies, ticket prices and other related information.

The users (i.e. both the end users and theater owners) can easily perceive the tremendous advantages

of our system by visiting and using the website. It is the only website in Bangladesh that provides ticket

purchasing facilities from multiple theaters at a time. Users can compare our website with other existing

websites available in Bangladesh and realize the superiority of our site. This system would also be profitable

for the theater owners as they can easily reach their customers by interactive GUI (Graphical User Interface)

and can enrich their business. Prominent features of the online movie ticket system are listed below:

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a) Login and registration for users

b) View show time and theater name just by selecting your preferred movies

c) Now showing, coming soon, movie trailers etc.

d) Payment gateway and feedback

e) Dashboard for the admin and theater assistant

f) Add, delete and edit for movie theaters and movies

The paper is organized as follows. In Section 1, we introduce the work, and in Section 2, we discuss

the related works that motivate us. Section 3 specifies and designs the system which contains Business

Process Modeling, Use Case Modeling, and Logical Data Model. Section 4 titled „Software Management‟

illustrates the Front-end and Back-end design. The system is tested and evaluated using several methods

which are discussed in Section 5. Finally, Section 6 concludes the paper outling some promising features of

this project.

2. RELATED WORKS AND MOTIVATION

Background study is necessary for any project to be implemented in a systematic and flexible way.

We have analyzed and evaluated many similar projects for the background study such as [1-5].

This evaluation assists us in finding the limitations of those existing projects and helps us eliminating those

limitations in our project.

2.1. Existing works

We examined many websites and found just only one website which is similar to our website in

Bangladesh. This website belongs to a well-known IT service company of Bangladesh known as „Shohoz‟

[6]. Shohoz is the most popular website in Bangladesh for purchasing different kinds of tickets e.g. theater,

bus, train in online. Food delivery is also another renowned service provided by the „Shohoz‟ app. Another

renowned, popular and widely used app of the country named „bKash‟ [7] (i.e. 30 million registered

accounts) is also selling movie tickets through their mobile application. But the main limitation of „Shohoz‟

and „bKash‟ is that those apps are providing movie tickets only for one of the popular theaters of the country

named „Blockbuster Cinemas‟. But other popular theaters such as „Star Cineplex‟, „Shyamoli Cinema‟ etc.

are not included in those two apps. It is also noted that several well-known theaters are also providing online

tickets through their respective websites [8-10]. By the way, there is no single website nor mobile app is

developed so far in the country to provide movie tickets for multiple theaters.

We also went through several foreign websites [11-13] which provide online movie tickets.

But those websites are not suitable for users for several reasons. Those websites are seeking redundant

personal information while ticket booking and also the user interface is not user friendly. But user interface

of our website is very user friendly and the site is also very flexible to use.

2.2. Motivation

In general, people of all walks of life in Bangladesh are fascinated to see the movies in a theater.

The peoples have to buy movie tickets either through the online or physically going to the theater. As the

world moving towards the 5G [14] and massive utilization of IoT [15], the BTRC (Bangladesh

Telecommunication Regulatory Commission) [16] also has taken initiatives [17, 18] to roll out the 5G in the

country by 2021. In this era of digital communication [19, 20]; it is unexpected buying the movie tickets

going to the theaters physically. This is especially true, when Bangladesh enters into the 4G communications

and Wi-Fi facility at the hand of mobile users [21] which in turn facilitates the users installing numerous

apps. Thus, from the user‟s perspective, a user-friendly, flexible and up-to-date mobile app is very desirable

at the moment. However, there is no unique app being developed so far that could meet the demand of the

citizens. As our website and the whole system is well designed, fully completed and rigorously tested we

could easily release a mobile app.

As mentioned above, only a few movie theaters have their own websites for selling tickets. As there

is no single online platform for multiple theaters people have to browse multiple websites for findings their

desire movie lists which is very time consuming. The busy peoples and the older citizens may find this very

disappointing. Also, the theater owners that have no digital platform for selling tickets can be a member of

our service and get the opportunity of using digital platform. To solve above problems, we motivate to

implement this project. In our website, people can view the status of all movies of all theaters at a glance and

can choose movie tickets from different theaters.

The viewers can search any movie related information by entering movie name and the website will

show the theaters name and the time schedule for that movie. Users must have to login for purchasing or

booking the tickets. After making the payment the system will send the digital receipt and ticket to the users

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email address. We carefully handled the transaction processing part by providing different payment methods

such as „bKash‟, „Nagad‟ and debit/credit cards available in the country.

The design of our website is completely different from the existing websites. Our website is very

polished, user-friendly, easy to understand the contents and very attractive to the customers. The website as

well as the whole system is solely developed for movie ticket management. All theaters of Bangladesh could

be included to our system. This is the site where people can find the latest movie details, coming soon movies

and all the updates and details. This is the only website in Bangladesh where people can purchase movie

tickets from any theaters easily and flexibly.

3. SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1. Business process modeling

Business Process Modeling is one kind of business process of an organization or enterprise where

business workflow is represented graphically for prescribing potential improvements [22]. Graphical

flowcharts, data-flow diagram, etc. are usually used for re-evaluating, promoting and sometimes for re-

working the business process. Business process modeling is predominantly used for enhancing, analyzing,

recovering and automating the current process for any organization [23].

In Figure 1, we have implemented a basic process model for the overall system where the actual

business process is shown in a simple diagram. In this model, we can see there are three pathways for three

types of users of the system: i). User (i.e. representing the movie viewers), ii). Admin (i.e. we the developer)

and iii). Theater Assistant (i.e. representing theater owners). A user can login, select movie and book the

show. The Admin has the actual power of controlling the whole system and possesses all access into the

system. A Theater Assistant who is working for the theater owner can update the movie information and

confirm the booking of tickets of their respective theater.

Figure 1. Business process model for the system

3.2. Use case modeling

The use case diagram is used to illustrate the dynamic behavior of a particular task [24]. The use

case diagram describes the relationship between actors and the system to achieve an individual task [25].

The use case diagram of our system is shown in Figure 2. In this use case, there are three actors: admin,

theater assistant and registered users whose main functions are listed in Table 1. All activities of a registered

user are shown using a flowchart in Figure 3.

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Figure 2. Use case diagram for the system

Table 1. Main functions of the three actors: admin, theater assistant and registered users

Functions of Admin

Functions of Theater Assistant

Functions of Registered Users

 Undertaking administrative tasks.

 Search for Movie hall.

 Handle the whole portal.

 Ensuring the venue.

 View the number of registered users

and analyze their activities.

 Add, edit, and delete each theater.

 Fetch all data on-site and control all

theaters' activities.

 Add, delete of movie name and

related information.

 Stop running shows.

 Check today's list.

 User registration and login.

 Search for movie hall, movie

show.

 Get the latest update of the movie

and any offer.

 Booking and buying the tickets.

Figure 3. Activities of a registered users

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3.3. Logical data model

A logical data model is the representation of a particular database system for a specific problem

domain [26]. Logical data model is one of physical or conceptual data model which is represented by using

many relational tables and columns, object-oriented classes. The logical data model does not provide physical

implementation details of the database system, it just gives a conceptual overview of data structure.

The logical data model of our database is represented by the UML class diagram in Figure 4.

Figure 4. Class diagram of the database

4. SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT

In this section, we illustrate the front-end and back end design of the system in a concise and

comprehensive way. A large class of software have been used for the front-end and back-end development.

Section 4.1 describes the front-end implementation and section 4.2 describes the back-end implementation.

4.1. Front-end design

Attractive front-end design always impresses the viewers of the website. The front-end looks and its

contents always have profound impacts to the site users. Our front-end design requires different web

languages such as the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), JavaScript, CSS (Cascading Style Sheet), etc.

to develop the website.

The HTML is used here for creating and designing the documents for the web browser. The CSS

and JavaScript assist the HTML developing a full-fledged impressive, customized and groomed website [27].

The HTML and CSS are the skeleton of any website and the websites become plain text or shapeless without

the CSS. JavaScript is a dynamic scripting language that is highly suitable to add special effects on pages like

rollover, roll out and many types of graphics. We also use the Bootstrap template for some front-end design

to make the website more attractive and interactive. Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS based

framework [28] that helps to build our interface, because it contains HTML and CSS both in one file and it is

easy to use.

“Interaction Design” and “User Experience Design” are the two key criteria of a web site to measure

its popularity, acceptability, efficiency and productivity. There is a huge overlap between interaction design

and user experience design. After all, user experience design is about shaping the experience of using a

product, and a major part of that experience involves interaction between the user and the product. However,

interaction and user experience do not reflect exactly the same phenomena. An interaction designer is

focused on the moment when a user interacts with a product and their goal is to improve the interactive

experience. For a user experience designer, the moment of interaction is just a part of the journey that a user

goes through when they interact with a product. User experience design accounts for all user-facing aspects

of a product or system such as the visual design, interaction design, information architecture, usability,

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content strategy, user research etc. Our website has an interactive GUI (Graphical User Interface) for the

users where the customers can get information about the latest movies. We also get the data of user

experience by surveying in the Dhaka City from a large population. The user experience is quite promising

which is illustrated in Section 5.

The homepage of the website is shown in Figure 5. As the system is solely developed for movie

ticket management, all movie related information is available at the web site. The user can book or buy ticket

and make payment in an efficient, flexible and secured way. There is a navigation bar on top of the page

which contains several modules namely, „Home‟, „Puchase Ticket‟, „Login‟ „Search‟ etc.

Several modules namely, „Now Showing‟, „Coming Soon‟ and „Trailers‟ are added in the home

page. Viewers can see the currently running movies in different theater on the „Now Showing‟ module.

The „Coming Soon‟ module contains the upcoming movie list. The „Trailers‟ is another key feature of our

website where viewers can see the short movie clips. After a week or two „Now Showing‟ items to be

rescheduled by the theater assistant. By clicking on the movie icon or title of a movie viewers can see the

movie details such as the release date, director name, etc.

There is a search bar on the website for searching any movie name, theater name or any other movie

related information available in the system. People can know the date of which movie is running or coming

to which theater easily. The people can watch the trailers without login or sign up. Then they can choose any

movie or theater easily at their preferable price.

The main remarkable feature of this website is Book Movie/Ticket Purchase options. Unlike other

websites available in the country, our website provides facilities for buying tickets from multiple theaters.

To book a ticket, the people has to complete two steps as shown in Figure 6. At first, the user chooses a

preferable theater for his selected movie i.e. Figure 6 (a). Then he books ticket by providing required

information e.g. date, time, number of seats etc. i.e. Figure 6 (b). After booking the user can buy the ticket by

making the payment as shown in Figure 7 and database table for the system as shown in Figure 8. Then the

admin confirms the ticket and would send the digital ticket to the user's email address. The payment gateway

[29] is implemented by PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) which is secure and very convenient to the users.

Figure 5. Home page of the website

(a) Theater selection

(b) Seat selection

Figure 6. Ticket booking procedure

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Figure 7. Payment gateway

Figure 8. Database table for the system

4.2. Back-end design

The back-end has three parts: server, application, and database [30]. In our website, once the users

enter all of their information such as their name, theater name, number of seats, etc., the web application

stores the information in the database that was created previously on the server. We used following major

components for the back-end implementation.

Sublime Text: This is a shareware cross-platform source code editor with a Python API (Application

Programming Interface) [31]. It natively supports many programming languages and markup languages, and

functions can be added by users with plugins, typically community-built and maintained under free-software

licenses. We used this editor to provide support for the PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, etc.

Server: We used XAMPP platform for the back-end solution. XAMPP stands for Cross-Platform

(X), Apache (A), MySQL (M), PHP (P) and Perl (P). It is a simple, lightweight Apache distribution for the

developers to create a local web server for testing purposes [32]. The XAMPP platform makes out project

very easy to implement.

Database: We used phpMyAdmin as a database tool for our website. This tool is easy to use and

very user-friendly. phpMyAdmin is a free and open source administration tool for MySQL and MariaDB

[33]. We extensively used server-side scripting language PHP [34] as it has many advanced features to

support a wide range of databases efficiently.

5. SYSTEM TESTING AND DATA ANALYSIS

We used some methods to test and evaluate our websites after implementation. Initially, we tested

our software using “Black Box Testing” method. Black box testing, also known as behavioral testing, is a

software testing technique in which the internal structure/design/implementation of the item being tested is

not known to the tester. We tested 15 different functions of the website using the black box testing and the

result is shown in Table 2. The result shows that the system is perfect and can be utilized efficiently.

To perceive the users‟ acceptability or satisfaction of our implemented project, we conduct a survey

on the movie viewers and theater owners/representatives. We collect feedbacks from 261 samples from the

population of Dhaka City. Among the 261 samples, the number of viewers (end users) are 185 and the

number of theater owners or their representatives are 76. Every sample test the website/system personally and

rated as either (i) Excellent (ii) Very Good (iii) Satisfactory. Since the ordinary viewers and theater owners

perspective is different to utilize the system, we use separate chart to represent their ratings. Figure 9 shows

the viewers rating and Figure 10 shows the owners rating.

Examining Figure 9, it is noted that among 185 viewers, 88 rated as „Excellent‟ i.e. 47.6%, 80 rated

as „Very Good‟ i.e. 43.2%, and 17 rated as „Satifactory‟ i.e. 9.2%. On the other hand, examining Figure 10,

it is noted that among 76 owners, 59 rated as „Excellent‟ i.e. 77.6%, 11 rated as „Very Good‟ i.e. 14.5% and 6

rated as „Satifactory‟ i.e. 7.9%. Undoubltedly, above statistics shows very high acceptability/satisfaction of

the users which is undoubtedly very promising and optimistic. It is also noted that theater owners are more

fascinated to this project than the viewers, because most of the movie owners in Bangladesh have not any

digital platform yet to sell their tickets.

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Table 2. Black box testing of the system

Command

Outcome

Status

Test case 1

Registration request

Successful

pass

Test case 2

Get access

pass

Test case 3

Theater Categories

Categorized

pass

Test case 4

Delete movies

Successful drop movies

pass

Test case 5

logout

Logged out

pass

Test case 6

Book ticket

Successful

pass

Test case 7

Make payment

Successful transaction

pass

Test case 8

Booking cancel

Successful drop booking

pass

Test case 9

Insert theater

Successful

pass

Test case 10

Add screen

Successful

pass

Test case 11

Add showtimes

Successful

pass

Test case 12

Search box

Successful

pass

Test case 13

Add news

Successful

pass

Test case 14

Add shows

Successful

pass

Test case 15

Delete shows

Successful

pass

Figure 9. Viewers rating

Figure 10. Owners rating

6. CONCLUSION AND SCOPE

The „Movie Ticket Purchasing System‟ is a system where customers or users can easily purchase

movie tickets from different movie theaters from a single website. The site is unique in the context of

Bangladesh in the sense that it is only developed for movie ticket purchasing as well as it brings information

from several theaters together in one site. There are no websites in Bangladesh that provides services for

several theaters together.

Although, several mobile apps are selling movie tickets, those apps are predominantly used for other

services. That's why, the users may feel discomfort while browsing those sites/apps and also face difficulties

to buy the tickets. Also, the theater owners that have no digital platform for selling tickets can be a member

of our service and get the opportunity of using digital platform. In the future, we hope to develop the apps for

the „Movie Ticket Purchasing System‟ both in the android and IOS platforms.

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